Inventory of petroleum machinery corrosion causes and anti-corrosion technology
Release time:
2015-09-09
With the development of the petroleum industry, most of the oil fields in China have entered a stage of high water cut development. In the development process of this stage, the corrosion degree of petroleum machinery is increasing, and the sulfuric acid degree in most of the oil in our country is relatively high. Due to the comprehensive influence of these factors, the corrosion of petroleum machinery is becoming more and more serious, which has a serious impact on oil production, and has led to various accidents in oil production. Let's analyze the reasons for the corrosion of petroleum machinery, and then explore the effective measures to prevent the corrosion of petroleum machinery, so as to provide basic protection for the development of the petroleum industry.
With the rapid development of the petroleum industry, the technology of preventing and controlling the corrosion of petroleum machinery has gradually become an important factor limiting the development of the petroleum industry. For the long-term development of the petroleum industry, good anti-corrosion technology of petroleum machinery is the guarantee of the development of the petroleum industry, which can not only improve the daily production of oil, but also extend the life of petroleum machinery. In addition, it can save the cost of oil enterprise development and maximize the economic benefits of oil enterprises. Therefore, oil companies should strengthen the development and innovation of petroleum machinery corrosion technology to provide a strong guarantee for the development of the oil industry.
Causes of Corrosion of Petroleum Machinery
1. Corrosion of petroleum machinery caused by polysulfide in petroleum
Most of the oil in our country contains more polysulfides, in the process of oil exploitation, petroleum machinery and equipment are easy to be corroded by polysulfides when they come into contact with oil, and then produce a variety of polysulfides on the surface of petroleum machinery. In the operation process of petroleum machinery, these polysulfides will bring a lot of unstable factors to petroleum machinery. In addition, if the mechanical equipment is exposed to the air for a long time, the carbon dioxide and moisture in the air will react with the corrosion part of the mechanical equipment, which will eventually lead to the more serious corrosion of the entire petroleum machinery and equipment.
2. Sulfide in petroleum leads to corrosion of petroleum machinery
This corrosion phenomenon is mainly caused by impurities in petroleum products, the main component of these impurities is sulfide. Sulfide can chemically react with moisture in oil, resulting in the production of a large amount of hydrogen sulfide in oil, which is reductive and acidic, thus causing serious corrosion to petroleum machinery and equipment. In addition, there are a large number of chemical impurities in oil, which also cause corrosion to petroleum machinery and equipment to a large extent.
Chloride in petroleum causes corrosion of petroleum machinery
According to the survey, a lot of oil now contains a lot of salt water, if the salt water chemical hydrolysis phenomenon, it will be converted into hydrochloric acid, for petroleum machinery, hydrochloric acid is one of the key factors leading to corrosion of petroleum machinery and equipment, causing serious corrosion of petroleum machinery and equipment, thereby reducing the quality and safety of petroleum machinery and equipment.
4. Naphthenic acid in petroleum causes corrosion of petroleum machinery and equipment
Naphthenic acid is now the main component of organic acids in oil, naphthenic acid has a strong chemical properties, can and petroleum machinery in the iron hair biochemical cooperation, so that the iron in petroleum machinery is seriously corroded, thus greatly reducing the safety, reliability and quality of petroleum machinery and equipment, and ultimately limit the production of oil.
Anti-corrosion Technical Measures for Petroleum Machinery
1, the use of efficient anti-corrosion coatings
In order to prevent the corrosion of petroleum machinery, high-efficiency anti-corrosion coatings should be used. For example, anti-corrosion coatings with environmental protection and anti-corrosion coatings with inorganic polymer properties, these anti-corrosion coatings can play a role in corrosive impurities and acidic substances in oil, and to a large extent, play a good role in the prevention and control of the corrosion of petroleum machinery. The first is an anti-corrosion coating with environmental protection and acid resistance. The main anti-corrosion principle of this coating is to reduce the acidic organic compounds or acidic compounds such as organic acids, hydrochloric acid and hydrogen sulfide that can cause corrosion to petroleum machinery in petroleum crude oil. The second is the anti-corrosion coating of inorganic polymer properties. The principle of this coating to prevent corrosion of petroleum machinery is mainly to prevent and control the dispersed metals and metal oxides in petroleum, so as to achieve the purpose of anti-corrosion.
2, the use of new anti-corrosion materials in the manufacture of petroleum machinery and equipment
In the process of manufacturing petroleum machinery, some new materials with stronger, higher and more complete anti-corrosion performance can be used to solve the corrosion phenomenon of petroleum machinery from the source. In the choice of petroleum machinery manufacturing materials, should be scientific and reasonable choice of strong oxidation, anti reduction and acid resistance of petroleum machinery manufacturing materials, so as to provide higher safety, higher quality and more reliable materials for the manufacture of petroleum machinery and equipment, so as to improve the anti-corrosion performance of petroleum machinery and equipment, solve the corrosion problem of petroleum machinery, and ultimately ensure the smooth completion of oil production.
3. Take electrochemical anticorrosion
The so-called electrochemical corrosion is the use of current to slow down the corrosion rate of machinery. The anti-corrosion principle of this method is the movement of electrons during corrosion. Prior to the application of current cathodic protection, corrosion protection is achieved by sacrificing the filler package of the cathode at the mechanical corrosion site. If enough electrons pass through the metal surface of the machine, the corrosion of the machine will slow down or stop. Now the electrochemical anti-corrosion method in the case of different anti-corrosion objects will take different technical combination methods, the main method is the combination of electrochemical and outer coating.
4, in the oil corrosion environment to add corrosion inhibitors.
In the process of oil work, the construction personnel in the oil corrosion environment to add appropriate corrosion inhibitors, so that this material in the mechanical metal surface chemical and material effects, thereby slowing the dissolution rate of metal, play a role in corrosion. The use of corrosion inhibitors can not only protect petroleum machinery and equipment from corrosion by various chemical substances, but also save a lot of costs and expenses for the development of petroleum enterprises. At present, corrosion inhibitors have been widely used in the oil industry.
5. Use electroplated tungsten alloy and pipe coupling for anti-corrosion of petroleum machinery
The main principle of electroplating tungsten alloy is the electroplating method in physics. This method puts the metal with isolation and anti-corrosion effect on the surface of petroleum machinery and equipment, so as to slow down the corrosion degree of petroleum machinery. This method can maximize the contact area of the oil and the equipment is small, so as to achieve the anti-corrosion effect. In addition, the scientific and rational use of the pipe coupling of petroleum machinery and equipment can also effectively slow down the corrosion of petroleum machinery.
To sum up, the corrosion problem of petroleum machinery has become increasingly serious, so we should take various effective measures and means to strengthen the anti-corrosion work of petroleum equipment. Although the anti-corrosion of petroleum machinery and equipment has achieved certain results, it still needs continuous exploration and innovation. Only in this way can we provide more help for the anti-corrosion work of petroleum machinery in China's petroleum industry.
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