With the development of petroleum industry, most of the oil fields in China have entered a medium- high water cut stage. In this stage ,due to the factors such as high sulfuric acid content in most of the petroleum in our country, the corrosion degree of petroleum machinery is increasing, which causes serious effect on the oil production and meanwhile results in kinds of accidents during production. Below we analyze the reasons for the corrosion of oil machinery, and then explore the effective measures to prevent the corrosion of oil machinery, so as to provide the basis for the development of the oil industry.

 

With the rapid development of the petroleum industry, the technology of preventing and controlling the corrosion of petroleum machinery has become an important factor to restrict the development of the oil industry. For the long-term development of the oil industry, the good oil machinery is the guarantee of the development of the oil industry, not only can improve the daily production of oil, but also can prolong the life of the petroleum machinery. In addition, it can also save the cost of petroleum enterprise development, so that the oil companies can maximize the economic benefits. Therefore, oil companies should strengthen the development and innovation of the petroleum machinery corrosion technology, to provide a strong guarantee for the development of the oil industry.

The reasons resulting in the corrosion of petroleum machinery are as below.

 

1. Polysulfide in the oil leads to the corrosion of oil machinery

 

Most of the oil in our country contains polysulfide, in the process of oil exploitation, oil machinery and equipment contacting with oil is easy to be corroded, and then their surfaces will produce a variety of polysulfides which will bring many unstable factors to the oil machinery in the process of oil machinery operation. In addition, the long exposure of mechanical equipment in the air, where the carbon dioxide and water will react with the corrosion part of the mechanical equipment, the final result is that the whole oil machinery and equipment will be corroded more seriously.

 

2. Sulfide in the oil leads to the corrosion of oil machinery

 

This corrosion phenomenon is mainly caused by impurities in the oil product, the main component of these impurities is the sulfide. Sulfide reacts with water in oil, resulting in a large amount of hydrogen sulfide in the oil, which will cause serious corrosion to the petroleum machinery equipment due to its reductibility and acidity. In addition, a lot of chemical impurities in the oil also cause heavy corrosion of oil machinery and equipment.

 

3. Chloride in the oil leads to mechanical corrosion

 

According to the survey, much of the oil now contains a lot of brine, if the brine is hydrolyzing, it will be transformed into hydrochloric acid. For petroleum machinery, hydrochloric acid is a key factor in the corrosion, the serious corrosive oil machinery and equipment will reduce the quality and safety of oil machinery equipment.

 

4.The naphthenic acid in oil results in the corrosion of petroleum machinery

 

The naphthenic acid is now the main component of organic acid in oil, it has a strong chemical properties, and it can react with iron of petroleum machinery , resulting in serious corrosion of the iron, so that the safety, reliability and quality of the oil machinery and equipment are greatly reduced, and finally the oil production will be restricted.